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Citation |
Strano-Rossi S, Castrignanò E, Anzillotti L, Serpelloni G, Mollica R, Tagliaro F, Pascali JP, di Stefano D, Sgalla R, Chiarotti M. Forensic Sci. Int. 2012; 221(1-3): 70-76. |
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Affiliation |
Institute of Legal Medicine, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, L.go F. Vito, 1, Rome, Italy. sabina.stranorossi@gmail.com |
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Copyright |
(Copyright © 2012, Elsevier Publishing) |
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DOI |
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PMID |
22554872 |
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Abstract |
New Italian legislation on driving under the influence of drugs considers oral fluid (OF) as a possible alternative drug testing matrix. On this basis, the present research was carried out to evaluate the applicability of four commercial on-site OF drug screening devices, namely DDS(®), Drugtest 5000(®), Drugwipe 5+(®) and RapidSTAT(®), in a real operative context. Preliminarily trained police officers tested randomly stopped drivers with two different kits side-by-side during roadside patrols. A central laboratory confirmed on-site kits' results by UHPLC-MS/MS analysis of the saliva specimen remaining after the screening analysis. 1025 drivers were submitted to the OF tests: 11.6% were positive for cocaine and metabolites, 11.1% for THC, 6% for amphetamines and amphetamine-type designer drugs and 2.3% for ketamine. The sensitivities of the kits were 81% (RapidSTAT(®)), 82% (DDS(®)), 90% (Drugwipe 5+(®)) and 97% (Drugtest 5000(®)) for cocaine and 38% (DDS(®)), 47% (Drugwipe 5+(®)), 72% (RapidSTAT(®)) and 92% (Drugtest 5000(®)) for THC. Drugtest 5000 was the only kit showing an acceptable sensitivity for on-site application. Only Drugtest 5000(®) and RapidSTAT(®) could be evaluated for amphetamines and methamphetamines: Drugtest 5000(®) showed a sensitivity of 100% in the case of amphetamines and 86% for methamphetamines, while RapidSTAT(®) 90% and 76% respectively. Nowadays, ketamine is not included in the target analytes of any on-site devices, but it was systematically included in the UHPLC-MS/MS confirmatory analysis. To ensure adequate reliability, MS confirmation of on-site OF screening tests is anyway always necessary, due to the presence of a significant number of false positive results even when using the commercial kit with the best performance. Language: en |