Citation

Wolitzky-Taylor K, Vrshek-Schallhorn S, Waters AM, Mineka S, Zinbarg R, Ornitz E, Naliboff B, Craske MG. Clinical Psychological Science 2014; 2(2): 202-213.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2014, Association for Psychological Science, Publisher SAGE Publishing)

DOI

10.1177/2167702613495840

PMID

25473591

Abstract

Elevated responding to safety cues in the context of threat is associated with anxiety disorder onset, but pathways underlying such responding remain unclear. This study examined whether childhood/adolescent adversity was associated with larger startle reflexes during safe phases of a fear potentiation startle paradigm (following delivery of an aversive stimulus) that predict anxiety disorders. Participants (N = 104) came from the Youth Emotion Project, a longitudinal study of risk factors for emotional disorders. Participants with no baseline psychopathology underwent a startle modulation protocol and were assessed for childhood and adolescent adversities using a validated interview. Adolescent adversity was associated with larger startle reflexes during the safe phases following an aversive stimulus. Neither child nor adolescent adversities were associated with responding during any other phase of the protocol. These findings suggest a pathway between adolescent adversity and a risk factor for anxiety disorders wherein adolescent adversity contributes to impaired responding to safety cues.

Language: en