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Abstract
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Evidence of large-scale toppling deformation has been reported in association with deep-seated landslides affecting mountain slopes along the Beaver River valley, Glacier National Park, British Columbia, Canada. A study has been undertaken to quantitatively investigate the relationship between the toppling mass movement process and the deep-seated landslides; specifically, whether the landslides represent a limiting condition of the toppling process. This is the first of two papers that describe the study.
METHODS of toppling analysis, including limit-equilibrium, finite-element, and distinct-element methods, are critically reviewed. The distinct-element method emerges as the best technique for modelling both block and flexural modes of toppling. The method is verified by modelling three examples of toppling: a theoretical block topple, a physical model of flexural toppling, and an engineered slope from the Brenda mine near Peachland, British Columbia. The results demonstrate that the Universal Distinct Element Code (UDEC) is capable of modelling both block and flexural types of toppling, that the toppling mass movement process limits to deep-seated planar aswell as curvilinear landslides, and that other landforms such as obsequent scarps and grabens are a manifestation of the toppling process. The research reported here contributes to understanding of the deformation behaviour of engineered slopes and the evolution of natural slopes in rock masses containing pervasive discontinuities. Key words: block toppling, flexural toppling, landslide, numerical modelling, distinct element, DDEC, sackung.
L'on a fait état d'évidence de déformation à grande échelle en basculement associée à des glissemerîts profonds affectantles pentes montagneuses le long de la vallée de Beaver River, Glacier National Park, Colombie-Britannique. Une étude a été entreprise pour quantifier la relation entre le processus de mouvement de basculement de masse et les glissements profonds, et plus spécifiquement, pour établir si les glissements représentent une condition limitedu processus de bascule-ment. Cet article est le premier de deux qui décrivent l'étude. Une revue critique des méthodes d'analyse incluant l'équilibre limite, les méthodes d'éléments finis et d'éléments distincts est présentée. La méthode d'éléments distincts ressort comme étant la meilleure technique pour modéliser tant le mode de basculement en bloc que le basculement en flexion. La méthode est vérifiée en modélisant trois exemples de basculement: le basculement théorique d'un bloc, un modèle physique de basculement en flexion, et une pente construite sur...
Language: en |