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Citation
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Barbonetti A, Cavallo F, D'Andrea S, Muselli M, Felzani G, Francavilla S, Francavilla F. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 2016; 98(5): 940-946. |
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Affiliation
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Department of Life, Health and Environment Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy. |
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Abstract
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OBJECTIVE: To determine 1) whether serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was associated with depression levels in people with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI), and 2) whether any observed association was independent of potential confounders.
DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: and Setting: One hundred patients with chronic SCI, admitted to a rehabilitation program, were consecutively recruited. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Patients underwent clinical and biochemical evaluations, including assessment of 25(OH)D and the presence and severity of depressive symptoms by the interviewer-assisted self-report Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II).
RESULTS: Depression (BDI-II score ≥14) was observed in 15 out of 28 women (53.6%) and 18 out of 72 men (25.0%) of the study population. They exhibited significantly lower 25(OH)D levels, lower function independence in daily living activities, poorer leisure time physical activity and higher body mass index. Lower 25(OH)D levels were associated with higher BDI-II scores, as well as with the occurrence of depression. These associations persisted after adjustment for all significant predictors of the BDI-II score, selected, as possible confounders, by univariate analysis. At ROC analysis, a 25(OH)D level <9,99 ng/mL had the highest accuracy in discriminating patients with depression.
CONCLUSIONS: Among people with chronic SCI, an inverse association exists between serum 25(OH)D levels and depressive symptoms, widely independent of potential confounders, especially those, peculiar to this population, which can mediate the effects of depression on vitamin D levels.
Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Inc.
Language: en |