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Citation
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Panenka W, Gardner A, Dretsch M, Crynen G, Crawford FC, Iverson GL. J. Neurotrauma 2017; 34(13): 2093-2099. |
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Affiliation
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Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center, 166739, Bethesda, Maryland, United States ; giverson@mgh.harvard.edu. |
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Abstract
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INTRODUCTION: This systematic review examined the association between genetics and risk for sustaining a traumatic brain injury.
METHODS: Articles published in English from 1980 to July 2016 obtained from the online databases PubMed, PsycINFO®, MEDLINE®, EMBASE, and Web of Science.
RESULTS: 5,903 articles were identified, 77 underwent full-text screening, and six were included in this review. Five studies examined the risk of concussion associated with Apolipoprotein E alleles (APOE-ε2 ,ε3 ,ε4,), and polymorphisms of the APOE promoter (rs405509), Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF, rs6265), and Dopamine Receptor D2 (DRD2, rs1800497) were each considered in two studies. Microtubule Associated Protein Tau [TAU exon 6 polymorphisms His47Tyr (rs2258689) and Ser53Pro (rs10445337)], and Neurofilament Heavy (NEHF, rs165602) genotypic variants, were the focus of single studies. No study showed an increased risk associated solely with the presence of the APOE-ε4 allele, nor were there any significant findings for the NEFH, TAU, or DRD2 genotypic variants. Two studies examined the APOE promoter -219G/T polymorphism in athletes, and both found an association with concussion. Both BDNF studies also found a significant association with concussion incidence; U.S. soldiers with the Met/Met genotype were more likely to report a history of concussion prior to deployment and to sustain a concussion during deployment.
DISCUSSION: The APOE promoter -219 G/T polymorphism and the BDNF Met/Met genotype might confer risk for sustaining a TBI. Based on research to date, the APOE-ε4 allele does not appear to influence risk. More research is needed to determine if these findings replicate.
Language: en |