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Affiliation
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Department of NCNP Brain Physiology and Pathology, Division of Cognitive and Behavioral Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan. |
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Abstract
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AIM: This web-based survey aimed to examine the relationship between iron deficiency anemia and depression in 11,876 Japanese participants.
METHODS: Participants consisted of 1,000 individuals with self-reported history of depression (mean age, 41.4 ± 12.3 years; 499 women) and 10,876 population-based controls (mean age, 45.1 ± 13.6 years; 5,185 women). The 6-item Kessler scale test score was used as a psychological distress scale. The design of the study was cross-sectional.
RESULTS: The rate of self-reported life-time history of iron deficiency anemia was higher in depression group in both men (depression, 7.2%; control, 4.0%; p < 0.001; odds ratio, 1.86; 95% confidence interval, 1.30-2.68) and women (depression, 33.4%; control, 25.8%; p < 0.001; odds ratio, 1.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.19-1.76). The 6-item Kessler scale test score in participants with self-reported history of iron deficiency anemia was higher in both depression (p = 0.004) and control (p < 0.001) groups. In addition, the rate of individuals who showed the 6-item Kessler scale test cut-off score of 13 or more was higher in iron deficiency anemia group of all participants (p < 0.001; odds ratio, 1.47; 95% confidence interval 1.31-1.65). Logistic regression analyses revealed self-reported history of depression and the 6-item Kessler scale test score were positively associated with the self-reported history of iron deficiency anemia (all p < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported history of iron deficiency anemia was associated with self-reported history of depression. Furthermore, self-reported history of iron deficiency anemia was associated with higher psychological distress.
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Language: en |