Citation

Hayashi Y, Jinnou H, Sawamoto K, Hitoshi S. J. Neurochem. 2018; 147(5): 584-594.

Affiliation

Department of Integrative Physiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2018, John Wiley and Sons)

DOI

10.1111/jnc.14557

PMID

30028510

Abstract

In the adult mammalian brain, neural stem cells (NSCs) reside in two neurogenic regions, the walls of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone of the hippocampus, which generate new neurons for the olfactory bulb and dentate gyrus, respectively. These adult NSCs retain their self-renewal ability and capacity to differentiate into neurons and glia as demonstrated by in vitro studies. However, their contribution to tissue repair in disease and injury is limited, lending credence to the claim by prominent neuropathologist Ramón y Cajal that "once development was ended, the founts of growth and regeneration of the axons and dendrites dried up irrevocably". However, recent progress toward understanding the fundamental biology of adult NSCs and their role in pathological conditions has provided new insight into the potential therapeutic utility of endogenous NSCs. In this short review, we highlight two topics: the altered behavior of NSCs after brain damage and the dysfunction of NSCs and oligodendrocyte precursor cells, another type of undifferentiated cell in the adult brain, in mood affective disorders. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Language: en

Keywords

bipolar disorder; depression; migration; mood affective disorder; neural stem cell; stroke