Citation

Huhdanpää H, Klenberg L, Westerinen H, Bergman PH, Aronen ET. Clin. Child Psychol. Psychiatry 2019; 24(1): 95-111.

Affiliation

Laboratory of Developmental Psychopathology, Child Psychiatry, Pediatric Research Center, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2019, SAGE Publishing)

DOI

10.1177/1359104518786537

PMID

30052056

Abstract

Few studies have reported on the quantity and quality of executive function (EF) deficits in young children referred to child psychiatric outpatient clinic with multiple psychiatric symptoms. We evaluated the EF deficits with the Attention and Executive Function Rating Inventory-Preschool (ATTEX-P) filled out by day care teachers for 4- to 7-year-old clinical group ( n = 171) and reference group ( n = 709). Family background information was collected from all families by parent questionnaire. Diagnoses of the referred children were collected from medical records. Clinical group exhibited higher mean ranks across the ATTEX-P Total score and all nine subscales than reference group ( p < .001). Most of the children in the clinical group (58.5%) showed a significant amount of EF deficits (ATTEX-P Total score over clinical cut-off) including distractibility (55.6%) and impulsivity (53.8%) regardless of their diagnoses. In a multiple logistic regression model (controlling for age, gender and parental education), children in the clinical group had increased risk (odds ratio (OR)) = 10.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) = [6.88, 16.2], p < .001) for scoring over the clinical cut-off point on the ATTEX-P Total score. Assessment of EFs should be a routine part of the treatment plan in young children referred to child psychiatric outpatient clinic as it may guide the treatment choices.

Language: en

Keywords

EF rating scale; Executive function; assessment of EF; child psychiatric evaluation; preschool age