Citation

Ignacio Gimenez-Nadal J, Molina JA, Velilla J. J. Transp. Geogr. 2018; 66: 19-29.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2018, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2017.10.011

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

In this paper, we analyze the commuting behavior of workers in the United States, with a focus on the differences between employees and the self-employed. Using the American Time Use Survey for the years 2003-2014, our empirical results show that employees spend 7.22 more minutes per day commuting than their self-employed counterparts, which represents a difference of 17% of the average commuting time of employed workers. This is especially prevalent in non-metropolitan areas, and it also appears to depend on the size of the population of the area of residence. Our results suggest that there is a complex relationship between urban form and the commuting behavior of workers.

Language: en

Keywords

American time use survey; Commuting; Employed workers; Self-employed workers; Urban cores