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Journal Article

Citation

Luik AI, Iyadurai L, Gebhardt I, Holmes EA. Eur. J. Psychotraumatol. 2019; 10(1): e1556550.

Affiliation

Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2019, The Author(s), Publisher Co-action Publishing)

DOI

10.1080/20008198.2018.1556550

PMID

30693073

PMCID

PMC6338269

Abstract

Background: Sleep disturbances are common after traumatic events and have been hypothesized to be a risk factor in the development of psychopathology such as that associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Objective: To assess the association between intrusive memories, a core clinical feature of PTSD, and self-reported sleep disturbance shortly after experiencing or witnessing a motor vehicle accident, and whether a brief behavioural intervention (trauma reminder cue and Tetris gameplay) reduced sleep disturbance post-trauma. Method: The exploratory analyses included 71 participants (mean age 39.66, standard deviation 16.32; 37 women, 52.1%) enrolled in a previously published proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial. Participants were recruited from the emergency department after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic motor vehicle accident. Intrusive memories were assessed with a daily paper-and-pen diary for one week post-trauma, and sleep disturbances with three questions from the Impact of Event Scale-Revised assessing problems initiating sleep, problems maintaining sleep and dreams about the event at one week and one month post-trauma. Missing data were imputed 15 times. Results: The total number of intrusive memories during the first week post-trauma suggested weak to moderate pooled intercorrelations with problems initiating and maintaining sleep. An ordinal regression using imputed data suggested that the intervention had no effect on sleep disturbances, while completers only analyses suggested an improvement in problems maintaining sleep at one week. Conclusions: This exploratory study suggested that experiencing early intrusive memories is related to sleep disturbances. Sleep disturbance might be a particularly important construct to assess in studies involving intrusive memories post-trauma.


Language: en




Antecedentes: Las alteraciones del sueño son frecuentes tras eventos traumáticos y han sido planteados como un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de psicopatología como la que está asociada con el trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT).Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre recuerdos intrusivos, característica clínica central del TEPT, y alteraciones del sueño auto-reportadas, al poco tiempo luego de experimentar o ser testigo de un accidente automovilístico, y si una intervención conductual breve (estímulos gatillantes de recuerdos traumáticos, y el juego Tetris) reduce alteraciones del sueño postrauma.Método: Los análisis exploratorios incluyeron 71 participantes (edad promedio 39.66, desviación estándar 16.32; 37 mujeres, 42.1%) incluidos en ensayo clínico randomizado previamente publicado. Los participantes fueron reclutados desde el departamento de emergencias tras experimentar o haber sido testigo de un accidente automovilístico traumático. Los recuerdos intrusivos fueron evaluados diariamente con papel y lápiz a través de un diario durante 1 semana postrauma, y las alteraciones del sueño con 3 preguntas provenientes de la Escala Revisada de Impacto del Evento evaluando problemas para conciliar el sueño, problemas para mantener el sueño, y sueños sobre el evento a la primera semana y al primer mes postrauma. Datos faltantes fueron imputados 15 veces.Resultados: El número total de recuerdos intrusivos durante la primera semana postrauma sugirieron inter-correlaciones leves a moderadas con alteraciones de conciliación y mantención del sueño. Una regresión ordinal que utilizó datos imputados sugirió que la intervención no tuvo efecto en las alteraciones del sueño, mientras que los análisis 'completers-only' sugirieron una mejoría en las alteraciones de mantención del sueño a la semana 1.Conclusiones: Este estudio exploratorio sugirió que la experimentación de recuerdos intrusivos está relacionada con alteraciones del sueño. Las alteraciones del sueño pueden ser un constructo particularmente importante, a evaluar en estudios que involucran recuerdos intrusivos postrauma.


Language: es


背景:睡眠障碍在创伤事件后很常见,并且被假设为精神病理学发展的风险因素,例如与创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)相关的疾病。目的:评估闯入性记忆(创伤后应激障碍的核心临床特征),以及在经历或目睹机动车事故后不久自我报告的睡眠障碍之间关联,以及短暂的行为干预(创伤提醒线索和俄罗斯方块游戏)是否减少创伤的睡眠障碍。方法:探索性分析包括71名被试(平均年龄39.66岁,标准差16.32; 37名女性,52.1%)参加先前已发表的概念验证(proof-of-concept )随机对照试验。从急诊室招募了经历或目睹创伤性机动车事故后的被试,创伤后1周内的用纸笔日记评估闯入性记忆。在创伤后一周和一个月之后通过《事件影响量表修订版》的3个问题评估睡眠障碍 ( 进入睡眠的问题;维持睡眠的问题,和梦到相关事件)。对缺失数据进行了15次插补。结果:创伤后第一周内创入性记忆的总数和,在进入睡眠和维持睡眠的问题存在轻度到中度的综合相关系(pooled intercorrelations)。插补数据进行序数回归表明干预对睡眠障碍没有影响,而完成者分析(completers only analyses)表明在1周时维持睡眠的问题有所改善。结论:这项探索性研究表明,体验早期闯入性记忆与睡眠障碍有关。在涉及创伤后侵入性记忆的研究中,可以将睡眠障碍作为一个特别重要的结构进行评估。Abbreviations: PTSD: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; M: Mean; SD: Standard Deviation.


Language: zh

Keywords

Intrusive memories; early intervention; posttraumatic stress disorder; sleep; trauma; • Sleep disturbances are common after trauma.• We assessed the association between intrusive memories and sleep, and whether a brief behavioural intervention targeting intrusive memories (trauma reminder cue and Tetris gameplay) affected sleep post-trauma.• More intrusive memories post-trauma are potentially related to a greater severity of sleep disturbances.• The intervention had mixed effects on the experience of sleep disturbances.• Sleep disturbance might be a particularly important construct to assess in studies involving intrusive memories post-trauma.

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