Citation

Martinez BI, Stabenfeldt SE. J. Biol. Eng. 2019; 13: e16.

Affiliation

2School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Ira A. Fulton School of Engineering, Arizona State University, PO Box 879709, Tempe, AZ 85287-9709 USA.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2019, Holtzbrinck Springer Nature Publishing Group - BMC)

DOI

10.1186/s13036-019-0145-8

PMID

30828380

PMCID

PMC6381710

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects 1.7 million people in the United States each year, causing lifelong functional deficits in cognition and behavior. The complex pathophysiology of neural injury is a primary barrier to developing sensitive and specific diagnostic tools, which consequentially has a detrimental effect on treatment regimens. Biomarkers of other diseases (e.g. cancer) have provided critical insight into disease emergence and progression that lend to developing powerful clinical tools for intervention. Therefore, the biomarker discovery field has recently focused on TBI and made substantial advancements to characterize markers with promise of transforming TBI patient diagnostics and care. This review focuses on these key advances in neural injury biomarkers discovery, including novel approaches spanning from omics-based approaches to imaging and machine learning as well as the evolution of established techniques.

Language: en

Keywords

Biomarkers; Imaging; Machine learning; Omics; Phage display; Traumatic brain injury