Citation

Ringhof S, Arensmann A, Stein T. Gait Posture 2019; 71: 261-266.

Affiliation

BioMotion Center, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2019, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.gaitpost.2019.04.029

PMID

31100614

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Falls are common and serious events, which mostly occur during locomotion, that are associated with deficient dynamic balance. An experimental approach that simulates falling forward has become increasing popular to investigate dynamic balance. However, research has not been conducted to examine the test-retest reliability of this experimental approach. RESEARCH QUESTION: What is the reliability of dynamic stability measures that are used for the assessment of balance recovery after forward loss of balance? METHODS: Nineteen healthy young adults (24.3 ± 2.8 yrs; nine females) volunteered for this study. They reported twice to the laboratory to perform two tests: (i) a stepping task, in which they were instructed to recover balance by taking a step after being suddenly released from an inclined forward position; and (ii) a standing task, in which we aimed to identify the maximum forward leaning angle they were able to compensate for without taking a step. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated for the margin of stability (MoS) and spatiotemporal parameters for both tests.

RESULTS: The reliability of the stepping task variables ranged from poor to excellent, with ICCs tending to increase with the number of trials included in the analysis. Intra-session analysis (one-way rm ANOVA) revealed a significant trial effect for the MoS, indicating that stepping responses changed across repeated trials. With respect to the standing task, test-retest reliability was only fair for the maximal initial leaning angle. SIGNIFICANCE: In essence, these results indicate that the inter-session reliability of the stepping task is acceptable, depending on the measures used and the number of trials conducted. However, one must be aware that behavioral adaptations arise with repeated exposure to simulated forward falls. Finally, this study's results suggest that the reproducibility of the standing task is limited.

Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Language: en

Keywords

Dynamic balance; Falls; Postural strategies; Stepping