Citation

Saito T, Toda H, Inoue T, Koga M, Tanichi M, Takeshita S, Nakagawa R, Nagamine M, Masuya J, Tanabe H, Shimizu K, Kusumi I, Yoshino A. J. Affect. Disord. 2019; 257: 396-403.

Affiliation

Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa City, Saitama 359-8513, Japan.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2019, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.jad.2019.06.043

PMID

31306990

Abstract

BACKGROUND: We previously reported that child abuse indirectly predicts the diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BP) based on higher scores of affective temperaments; however, the subtypes of child abuse have not been examined sufficiently. Therefore, in the present study, we used the reclassified version of the Child Abuse and Trauma Scale (CATS) to determine how the subtypes of child abuse affect affective temperaments.

METHODS: A total of 502 participants (212 healthy controls, 163 patients with MDD and 127 patients with BP) were administered the Japanese version of the CATS; the Japanese version of the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire; and the Japanese version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Data were analyzed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, as well as by univariate and multivariate analyses.

RESULTS: A five-factor structure was appropriate for the CATS. The MDD group scored significantly higher on all subtypes of the reclassified CATS than did the control group. Among the subscales of the reclassified CATS, physical abuse and loneliness/psychological stress were significant predictors of affective temperaments, although all subscales were significantly associated with affective temperaments compared to the original CATS. LIMITATIONS: Since child abuse was assessed retrospectively, there might be recall bias. Furthermore, as the study was limited to Japanese individuals, particularly those with mood disorders, the findings might not be generalizable.

CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that the subtypes of child abuse (especially physical abuse and loneliness/psychological stress) might be associated with MDD and BP.

Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Language: en

Keywords

Affective temperament; Bipolar disorder; CATS; Child abuse; Major depressive disorder; TEMPS-A