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Citation |
Spinazzè A, Borghi F, Campagnolo D, Rovelli S, Keller M, Fanti G, Cattaneo A, Cavallo DM. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019; 16(15): e16152764. |
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Affiliation |
Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy. |
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Copyright |
(Copyright © 2019, MDPI: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute) |
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DOI |
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PMID |
31382456 |
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Abstract |
Evaluation and validation studies of quantitative exposure models for occupational exposure assessment are still scarce and generally only consider a limited number of exposure scenarios. The aim of this review was to report the current state of knowledge of models' reliability in terms of precision, accuracy, and robustness. A systematic review was performed through searches of major scientific databases (Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed), concerning reliability of Tier1 ("ECETOC TRA"-European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals Targeted Risk Assessment, MEASE, and EMKG-Expo-Tool) and Tier2 models (STOFFENMANAGER® and "ART"-Advanced Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) Tool). Forty-five studies were identified, and we report the complete information concerning model performance in different exposure scenarios, as well as between-user reliability. Different studies describe the ECETOC TRA model as insufficient conservative to be a Tier1 model, in different exposure scenarios. Contrariwise, MEASE and EMKG-Expo-Tool seem to be conservative enough, even if these models have not been deeply evaluated. STOFFENMANAGER® resulted the most balanced and robust model. Finally, ART was generally found to be the most accurate and precise model, with a medium level of conservatism. Overall, the results showed that no complete evaluation of the models has been conducted, suggesting the need for correct and harmonized validation of these tools. Language: en |
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Keywords |
Advanced REACH Tool (ART); ECETOC TRA; EMKG-Expo-Tool; MEASE; REACH; STOFFENMANAGER®; TREXMO; accuracy; occupational exposure assessment |