Citation

Shimamura M. J. Jpn. Counc. Traffic Sci. 2017; 17(1): 12-18.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2017, The Japanese Council of Traffic Science)

DOI

10.24597/jcts.17.1_12

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

After encountering traffic accidents, one should be cautious of avoiding similar accidents. Traffic accidents occur in many ways, with similar accidents being encountered much less frequently. In order to prevent traffic accidents, three kinds of analyses are carried out:（i）crash analysis on vehicle movements, （ii）qualitative transient post analysis to study the human factors, and（iii）statistical analysis on whole traffic accidents. Generally, during an accident, it is not clear on how the vehicle shifts from a moving to stationary state. To make the vehicle dynamics evident, a crash analysis is performed. The main cause of accidents can be related to human behavior, which is influenced by the environment and development of events. As the cause of the accident can be related to aspects such as human factors, vehicles, and environment, a variation tree analysis is applied as a qualitative transient post analysis. To prevent traffic accidents in a country, a statistical analysis is carried out on the categorized accident to make its characteristics and causal factors evident. Statistical graphs such as transition curve, distribution ratio, cumulative curve, and relative risk analysis are used for setting goals, and regression analysis is used to reveal the factors leading to traffic accidents. In order to minimize injuries and prevent accidents, a scientific analysis is indispensable. Continuous efforts should be made to improve the reliability of the crash and qualitative transient post analyses. Furthermore, new statistical analysis methods, including economic scales, should be developed.

Language: ja

Keywords

Accident Analysis; Crash Analysis; Ordered Response Model; Statistical Analysis; Variation Tree Analysis; バリエーションツリー分析; 事故分析; 統計分析; 衝突解析; 順序反応モデル