Parker C, Kellaway J, Stockton K. J. Pediatr. Nurs. 2019; 50: 31-36.
Affiliation
School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences (SHRS), The University of Queensland, Australia; Department of Physiotherapy, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia. Electronic address: kellie.stockton@health.qld.gov.au.
PURPOSE: To identify characteristics of paediatric falls within a healthcare setting. DESIGN AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of falls occurring within inpatient, outpatient, emergency and community healthcare settings of children aged 0-<18 years was conducted using data from the Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service (CHQ-HHS) Clinical Incident Database and Electronic Medical Record between January 1st 2015 and December 31st 2017. One-sample and two-sample Chi-squared tests with post-hoc tests were performed to assess relationships between categorical variables.
RESULTS: The final dataset contained 385 fall events. Children 0-2 years fell most frequently (46.75%) and falls were higher in males (55.58%). Falls from bed were the most common mechanism (30.65%). The incidence rate of inpatient falls was 0.53 falls per 1000 bed days in the tertiary hospital setting and 1.2% of presentations to inpatient community health facilities. Falls from bed were most common in the tertiary hospital inpatient setting (39.84%, p < .001) and the emergency department (72.13%, p < .001). Falls from furniture/equipment constituted 26.04% of outpatient falls. Most falls occurred in the presence of parents/caregivers (79.48%) and 4.66% of fallers sustained multiple falls.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a comprehensive review of the characteristics of fall events in CHQ-HHS over a three-year period and summarises the existing literature in paediatric fall prevention. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Risk assessment and management plans should focus on education, particularly surrounding bed safety. Our findings have informed the development of an integrated evidence-based paediatric-specific fall risk assessment tool and management plan to prevent falls in hospital and community healthcare settings.