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Citation
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Brausch AM, Muehlenkamp JJ, Fergerson AK, Laves EH, Whitfield MB, Clapham RB. Arch. Suicide Res. 2020; ePub(ePub): ePub. |
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Abstract
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OBJECTIVE: Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a robust predictor of suicide ideation and attempts, but it is not clear how and why this connection is so strong. Using the Integrated Motivational-Volitional Model of suicide as a framework, select features of NSSI were examined as motivational moderators between hopelessness and suicide ideation.
METHOD: Data were collected from 420 emerging adults (mean age = 18.9; 84% female, 92% white), all of whom had past-year NSSI. Participants completed self-report measures that assessed NSSI and suicide history, effectiveness of NSSI in achieving functions, and hopelessness; they also completed the self-injury Implicit Association Test (IAT).
RESULTS: Moderation analyses revealed that none of the interactions were significant. Additional analyses tested unconditional effects of all predictor variables and found hopelessness, self-rated future likelihood of engaging in NSSI, effectiveness of NSSI in achieving intrapersonal functions, and self-injury IAT scores were each significantly associated with suicide ideation.
CONCLUSIONS: These results reinforce the important role of hopelessness, perceived effectiveness of NSSI in achieving intrapersonal functions, acknowledgement of future NSSI, and self-identification with NSSI as potential indicators of increased suicide risk, while also emphasizing further study of other possible moderating factors. HIGHLIGHTS Features of NSSI did not moderate the hopelessness-suicide ideation relationship. Features of NSSI did associate with increased suicide ideation frequency. Future likelihood of, implicit association with, and intrapersonal effectiveness of NSSI were important.
Language: en |