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Citation
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Herrera-Escobar JP, El Moheb M, Ranjit A, Weed C, Brasel KJ, Kasotakis G, Kaafarani HMA, Velmahos G, Nehra D, Haider AH, Jarman M, Salim A. Am. J. Surg. 2021; ePub(ePub): ePub. |
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Abstract
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BACKGROUND: We sought to examine the association and potential mediators between sex and long-term trauma outcomes.
METHODS: Moderately-to-severely injured patients admitted to 3 level-1 trauma centers were contacted between 6 and 12-months post-injury to assess for functional limitations, use of pain medications, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Multivariable adjusted regression analyses were used to compare long-term outcomes by sex. Potential mediators of the relationship between sex and outcomes was explored using mediation analysis.
RESULTS: 2607 patients were followed, of which 45% were female. Compared to male, female patients were more likely to have functional limitations (OR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.31-1.60), take pain medications (OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.02-1.38), and screen positive for PTSD (OR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.46-1.76) post-injury. Age, extremity injury, previous psychiatric illness, and pre-injury unemployment, partially mediated the effect of female sex on long-term outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: There are significant sex differences in long-term trauma outcomes, which are partially driven by patient and injury-related factors.
Language: en |