Citation

Parisi DR, Sartorio AG, Colonnello JR, Garcimartín A, Pugnaloni LA, Zuriguel I. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2021; 118(50): e2107827118.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2021, National Academy of Sciences)

DOI

10.1073/pnas.2107827118

PMID

34873035

Abstract

We characterize the dynamics of runners in the famous "Running of the Bulls" Festival by computing the individual and global velocities and densities, as well as the crowd pressure. In contrast with all previously studied pedestrian systems, we unveil a unique regime in which speed increases with density that can be understood in terms of a time-dependent desired velocity of the runners. Also, we discover the existence of an inaccessible region in the speed-density state diagram that is explained by falls of runners. With all these ingredients, we propose a generalization of the pedestrian fundamental diagram for a scenario in which people with different desired speeds coexist.

Language: en

Keywords

pedestrian dynamics; fleeing behavior; fundamental diagram; high-speed pedestrians