Citation

Ashford DA, Knutson RS, Sacks JJ. J. Sports Med. Phys. Fitness 1999; 39(1): 71-73.

Affiliation

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), US Department of Health and Human Services, US Public Health Service, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.

Copyright

(Copyright © 1999, Edizioni Minerva Medica)

DOI

unavailable

PMID

10230173

Abstract

BACKGROUND: To estimate the frequency of and risk factors for caving-associated injuries. METHODS: A standardized questionnaire covering demographics, caving exposure, and injury history was distributed to all members of the National Speleological Society by inclusion in the monthly newsletter. RESULTS: Of 9,532 members sent a questionnaire, 301 responded (3.2%). Respondents had an average of 18 years of caving experience, and 37% had sustained one or more injuries while caving. Hypothermia was the most frequent injury, followed by fractures, animal bites, and concussions. The rate of injury was about 1 per 1,990 hours in a cave. Injury rates for females were about twice those of males; older persons and those with more than 5 years of caving experience seemed to have lower injury rates. CONCLUSIONS: Many caving injuries appear potentially preventable. Proper technique for safe climbing should be a part of exploration training. There is a need for proper belaying or rappelling for even short ascents or descents. Helmet use should be stressed, as should adequate protection from hypothermia.