Citation

Hagos A, Tedla F, Tadele A, Zewdie A. Ethiop. J. Health Sci. 2022; 32(2): 343-350.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2022, Research and Publications Office of Jimma University)

DOI

10.4314/ejhs.v32i2.15

PMID

35693562

PMCID

PMC9175219

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death and disability in young adults in the world. This study assessed clinical characteristics and in-hospital outcomes among traumatic brain injury patients presenting to Addis Ababa Burn, Emergency, and Trauma hospital.

METHODS: A cross-sectional hospital-based survey was conducted at AaBET hospital from January 01/2020 to April 30/2020. Data were collected using structured questionnaires from the trauma registry and patient chart. The collected data were analyzed using statistical software SPSS v 25.0.

RESULTS: Among the 304 traumatic brain injury patients, 75% were males with a mean age of 30.4 + 15.7, and 59.2% came from the Oromia region. Road traffic injury was responsible for 45% of the cases, of which pedestrian struck accounts for 52.2% of the cases. Only 50 (16.4%) patients arrived below 02 hours. 201 (66.1%) patients had mild traumatic brain injury the rest had moderate to severe traumatic brain injury. Skullbone fracture (linear, DSF, & BSF) was the most common (n=157, 63.1%) followed by intracerebral lesions (DAI, brain contusion, & ICH) (n=140, 56.5%). Forty-three (14.1%) patients were intubated. 45(14.8%) cases had a neurosurgical intervention. The mortality rate of severe, moderate, & mild TBI were 25%, 8.0% & 2.0% respectively with an overall mortality of 5.6%.

CONCLUSION: This study showed road traffic injury was the commonest cause of traumatic brain injury which affected young age groups. There was a delayed presentation to AaBET hospital Emergency. The mortality rate was lower than other Ethiopian hospital studies.

Language: en

Keywords

Humans; Female; Male; Cross-Sectional Studies; Young Adult; *Accidents, Traffic; *Brain Injuries, Traumatic/epidemiology/therapy; emergency; Ethiopia/epidemiology; Hospitals; outcome; resource-limited setting; Traumatic brain injury