Citation

Dion J, Hamel C, Clermont C, Blackburn M, Hébert M, Paquette L, Lalande D, Bergeron S. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022; 19(16): e10172.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2022, MDPI: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute)

DOI

10.3390/ijerph191610172

PMID

36011806

Abstract

Adolescents may be particularly vulnerable to the negative impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, given their increased socialization needs during this developmental period. This prospective study examined the potential changes in adolescents' well-being from before to during the pandemic, and the moderating role of a history of child maltreatment (CM), COVID-19-related distress, and gender among 1,802 adolescents (55.5% participants identified as boy, 42.2% as girl, and 1.5% as nonbinary; M(age) 14.74 years). Another aim was to determine whether COVID-19-related distress mediated the relationship between CM and well-being.

RESULTS revealed that COVID-19-related distress was associated with lower well-being (i.e., higher levels of internalized and externalized behaviors, and lower levels of self-esteem and life satisfaction). Boys experienced a greater decrease in life satisfaction and self-esteem than girls. A history of CM had a moderation effect, with the pandemic having a lesser impact on the outcomes of adolescents with such a history. However, it was also associated with more COVID-19-related distress, which in turn was associated with lower levels of internalized and externalized behaviors, self-esteem, and life satisfaction. These unexpected results with regard to CM might indicate that the social restrictions during the pandemic could have had a relieving effect on adolescents with particular challenges associated with CM.

Language: en

Keywords

adolescents; depression; anxiety; self-esteem; child abuse and neglect; conduct disorder; COVID-19 stress; life satisfaction; longitudinal design; psychological adaptation