Citation

Zhang B, Sun CF, Fang SQ, Zhao YH, Su S. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22(17): e6702.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2022, MDPI: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute)

DOI

10.3390/s22176702

PMID

36081161

Abstract

In order to overcome the problems of object detection in complex scenes based on the YOLOv4-tiny algorithm, such as insufficient feature extraction, low accuracy, and low recall rate, an improved YOLOv4-tiny safety helmet-wearing detection algorithm SCM-YOLO is proposed. Firstly, the Spatial Pyramid Pooling (SPP) structure is added after the backbone network of the YOLOv4-tiny model to improve its adaptability of different scale features and increase its effective features extraction capability. Secondly, Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM), Mish activation function, K-Means++ clustering algorithm, label smoothing, and Mosaic data enhancement are introduced to improve the detection accuracy of small objects while ensuring the detection speed. After a large number of experiments, the proposed SCM-YOLO algorithm achieves a mAP of 93.19%, which is 4.76% higher than the YOLOv4-tiny algorithm. Its inference speed reaches 22.9FPS (GeForce GTX 1050Ti), which meets the needs of the real-time and accurate detection of safety helmets in complex scenes.

Language: en

Keywords

convolutional block attention module; K-Means++ clustering algorithm; label smoothing; safety helmet wearing detection; spatial pyramid pooling structure; YOLOv4-tiny