Citation

Custodio RJP, Kim M, Chung YC, Kim BN, Kim HJ, Cheong JH. ACS Chem. Neurosci. 2023; ePub(ePub): ePub.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2023, American Chemical Society)

DOI

10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00710

PMID

36716294

Abstract

There are three presentations of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): the predominantly inattention (ADHD-PI), predominantly hyperactive-impulsive (ADHD-HI), and combined (ADHD-C) presentations of ADHD. These may represent distinct childhood-onset neurobehavioral disorders with separate etiologies. ADHD diagnoses are behaviorally based, so investigations into potential etiologies should be founded on behavior. Animal models of ADHD demonstrate face, predictive, and construct validity when they accurately reproduce elements of the symptoms, etiology, biochemistry, and disorder treatment. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR/NCrl) fulfill many validation criteria and compare well with clinical cases of ADHD-C. Compounding the difficulty of selecting an ideal model to study specific presentations of ADHD is a simple fact that our knowledge regarding ADHD neurobiology is insufficient. Accordingly, the current review has explored a potential animal model for a specific presentation, ADHD-PI, with acceptable face, predictive, and construct validity. The Thrsp gene could be a biomarker for ADHD-PI presentation, and THRSP OE mice could represent an animal model for studying this distinct ADHD presentation.

Language: en

Keywords

ADHD predominantly inattentive (ADHD-PI) presentation; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs); Spot14; Thyroid hormone-responsive protein (Thrsp)