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Citation
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Wang N, Yan X, Imm K, Xu T, Li S, Gawronska J, Wang R, Smith L, Yang L, Cao C. J. Affect. Disord. 2023; ePub(ePub): ePub. |
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Abstract
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BACKGROUND: This study aims to estimate the pre-COVID-19 pandemic prevalence of mild, major depressive symptoms, and suicide ideation among U.S. adults and evaluate their correlates and racial/ethnic disparities.
METHODS: This is a cross-sectional analysis of a nationally representative sample of adults ≥20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey study 2017-2020 Pre-Pandemic. Overall and racial/ethnic-specific weighted prevalence and 95%CI of mild and major depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 were calculated. Multivariable logistic regression modelings were used to examine overall and racial/ethnic-specific correlates.
RESULTS: Data on 7917 US adults (Weighted N = 210,200,829; 51.8 % females) were analyzed. The prevalence of mild, major depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation was 8.5 %, 16.5 %, and 3.2 %, respectively. Overall, consistent correlates for all three conditions included smoking, short/long sleep duration, and obesity. Females, non-Hispanic Blacks, low family-poverty-income ratio, prolonged sitting time, and a history of cardiovascular disease were consistent correlates for mild and major depressive symptoms. Younger age, never married/living without a partner, physical inactivity, drinking alcohol, and a history of diabetes were related to major depressive symptoms. Never married/living without a partner and having a low family-poverty-income ratio correlate with suicide ideation. Having cancer diagnosis was only negatively associated with major depressive symptoms in non-Hispanic Blacks. Females, current smoking, short/long sleep duration, and having cardiovascular disease were correlated with suicidal ideation among Hispanics.
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of mild, major depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation were high among U.S. adults. Unique correlates were identified among different racial and ethnic groups.
Language: en |