Citation

Chen Y, Smith DH, Meaney DF. J. Neurotrauma 2009; 26(6): 861-876.

Affiliation

1 Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2009, Mary Ann Liebert Publishers)

DOI

10.1089/neu.2008.0645

PMID

19397424

PMCID

PMC2803321

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury caused by explosive or blast events is currently divided into four phases: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary blast injury. These phases of blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) are biomechanically distinct, and can be modeled in both in-vivo and in-vitro systems. The purpose of this review is to consider the mechanical phases of bTBI, how these phases are reproduced with in-vitro models, and to review findings from these models to assess how each phase of bTBI can be examined in more detail. Highlighted are some important gaps in the literature that may be addressed in the future to better identify the exact contributing mechanisms for bTBI. These in-vitro models, viewed in combination with in-vivo models and clinical studies, can be used to assess both the mechanisms and possible treatments for this type of trauma.

Language: en