Citation

Siedenburg F. Am. J. Sociol. 1925; 31(3): 366-376.

Copyright

(Copyright © 1925, University of Chicago Press)

DOI

10.1086/213883

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

All attempts to outlaw war have failed and always will fail, except those efforts which proceed from a recognition of, and a living in conformity with, the laws of ethics and right moral principles. This implies, among other things, a change in our spirit of education in the schools, through the press, and in daily life, so as to give to all a clearer understanding of the true meaning of patriotism. It means, moreover, that nations, like individuals, are obliged to love one another. The Catholic church down through the ages has taken a stand midway between professional militarism and absolute pacificism. Virtus stat in medio has its application in this as in most other practical matters. While propounding by preachment and by precept the ideal of universal charity and mutual tolerance in thought and deed, she has not failed to recognize the individual's inalienable right to vigorous self-defense. Likewise, the church recognizes and clearly defines the duty of the state -- which is organized for society and not vice-versa -- to protect its people and their interests by upholding the adequate sanctions of law and other. The right of sanctuary, the "Peace of God," the "Truce of God," and many laws regulating warfare are among the concrete achievements of the church in preventing or in mitigating the horrors of war. So too must be counted the efforts of the many popes from early times down to the present day, who have raised their voices to protest against international hatreds and injustices, to mediate in such crises, and to lend their efforts to prevent wars. An approach to the reign of peace and good will on earth will come only through an observance of the doctrines which were promulgated and taught by the church's Founder, the Prince of Peace.