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Citation |
Caliendo C, Ciambelli P, Guglielmo MLD, Meo MG, Russo P. Procedia Soc. Behav. Sci. 2012; 53: 178-188. |
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Copyright |
(Copyright © 2012, Elsevier Publishing) |
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DOI |
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PMID |
unavailable |
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Abstract |
This paper presents basic findings obtained by means of a simulation model for representing an evacuation process from a curved bi-directional Italian road tunnel in the event of a fire. Simulations were carried out by using the STEPS people evacuation model associated with a CFD model simulating the fire. It was found that the evacuation time is primarily influenced by the walking time and to a less extent by the pre-movement time in all scenarios studied. The presence of an alarm system reduced the evacuation time for most the tunnel users, allowing them to reach the tunnel exit in safety. |